United Nations Security Council Resolution 2628 – The situation in Somalia (ATMIS)

Resolution 2628 (2022)

The Security Council,

Recalling all its previous resolutions and statements of its President on the situation in Somalia, and reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence, and unity of Somalia,

Recalling that the Federal Government of Somalia (FGS) has primary responsibility for ensuring security in Somalia, and recognising Somalia’s request for continued international support to enable it to achieve progressively its aim of a secure, stable, peaceful, united and democratic country,

Stressing that international support should be provided in-line with the strategic direction set out by Somalia in the Somalia Transition Plan (STP), and National Security Architecture (NSA) and urging enhanced partnership and coordination between all stakeholders in support of stabilisation and state-building processes in Somalia,

Commending the contribution of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) to building lasting peace and stability in Somalia since it was first authorised 15 years ago, and paying tribute to all AMISOM personnel, and Somali forces, especially those who gave their lives to their mission,

Welcoming the support provided by the United Nations Support Office in Somalia (UNSOS) to AMISOM, appreciating the financial support provided to AMISOM by the European Union and other donors, and noting the bilateral support provided by Member States to Somalia,

Recognising that the security situation in Somalia has changed significantly since AMISOM was first authorised, and noting improvements in Somalia’s capacity and capability to respond to security challenges,

Reaffirming the need to combat terrorist threats by all means, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and other obligations under international law, including applicable international human rights law, international refugee law, and international humanitarian law, and reaffirming that any acts of terrorism are criminal and unjustifiable, regardless of their motivations, whenever, wherever and by whomsoever committed,

Expressing grave concern that Al-Shabaab continues to pose a serious threat to the peace, security and stability of Somalia and the region, and noting its increased use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and exploitation of the licit financial system,

Expressing grave concern at the continued presence in Somalia of affiliates linked to Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL also known as Da’esh),

Recognising that the nature of the threat posed by Al-Shabaab has evolved, and that international support to Somalia must adapt accordingly to consolidate the security gains achieved to date and ensure continued progress towards a more stable, secure and peaceful Somalia,

Recalling the need for a reconfigured African Union mission in Somalia, which is focussed on enabling and supporting Somalia to take primary responsibility for its security, and expressing appreciation for Somalia and the African Union’s joint effort to update AMISOM’s Concept of Operations (CONOPS) in line with the STP and in close cooperation with the United Nations and international partners, to help inform decisions about the size and shape of the future mission, including its logistical requirements,

Noting with appreciation the proposal submitted to the Security Council on 7 March 2022 by the Secretary-General, and produced jointly with the African Union, in consultation with the FGS and donors, for the strategic objectives, size and composition of a reconfigured African Union mission in Somalia, as requested in resolution 2568 (2021) (hereafter Joint Proposal),

Noting the African Union Peace and Security Council’s communique of its 1068th meeting on 8 March 2022, and its decision to reconfigure AMISOM into the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS),

Stressing the need to ensure robust command and control and operational coordination, both among African Union deployed troop and police continge nts and in the force generation and integration efforts of Somalia,

Emphasising the importance of capacity building and security sector reform to enable integrated Somali security forces and institutions to respond effectively to security threats, and further emphasising the importance of coordination between the FGS, Somalia’s Federal Member States (FMS), United Nations, African Union, and Somalia’s international partners, to ensure capacity building and security reform is joined-up, and enables Somalia to assume full responsibility for its security,

Recognising that military action alone will not be sufficient to resolve threats to peace and security in Somalia, emphasising that the protection of civilians is critical to build sustainable peace, and reiterating the need to pursue a holistic approach that reinforces the foundations of peace and stability, in line with priorities defined by Somalia including through enhancing:

(i) effective governance and public administration,

(ii) anti-corruption,

(iii) preventing organised crime,

(iv) the rule of law,

(v) justice and law enforcement,

(vi) efforts to counter terrorism,

(vii) efforts to promote terrorist disengagement and defections,

(viii) preventing and countering violent extremism conducive to terrorism,

(ix) security sector reform, and

Noting the potential of international cooperation and support for peacebuilding and post-conflict reconstruction and development in Somalia, if provided in line with priorities defined by the Somali authorities, and further noting in this regard the African Union Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Development (AUPCRD) policy and the AUPCRD dedicated centre in Cairo,

Underlining the critical importance of the FGS and FMS reaching inclusive political agreements, urging them to collaborate on security and other national priorities, noting the responsibilities of all parties to improve cooperation and engage in discussions for the benefit of all Somalis, and underscoring that full cooperation of all parties would advance progress on national priorities including:

(i) implementation of the National Security Architecture,

(ii) implementation of the STP,

(iii) ensuring a fully functioning federal system, and

Welcoming the support provided by the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) in this regard, and recalling its request in resolution 2592 (2021)for a strategic review of UNSOM after the completion of the current electoral process,

Noting that UNSOM and ATMIS have complementary mandates to support peace and reconciliation in Somalia, and that by providing security and strengthening Somalia’s security capacity, ATMIS will make a critical contribution to justice, local governance, peace and reconciliation,

Recognising the complementary work of the United Nations Panel of Experts for Somalia and the role of sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council, as, among other things, a non-military means of reducing the destabilising impact of Al-Shabaab’s activities in Somalia and the region, and supporting Somalia with security sector reforms, especially weapons and ammunition management,

Recalling its resolution 1325 (2000) and subsequent resolutions, recognising the important role of women in the prevention and resolution of conflicts and in peacebuilding, and stressing the importance of the full, equal and meaningful participation and involvement of women in all efforts at all levels for the maintenance and promotion of peace and security, and the need to increase the role of women in decision-making and leadership regarding conflict prevention and resolution, as envisaged in the Somali Women’s Charter,

Condemning violations and abuses of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law in Somalia, calling on all parties to act in full compliance with their obligations under international human rights law and international humanitarian law,

Expressing serious concern about the humanitarian situation in Somalia, and calling for all parties to the conflict to allow and facilitate, in accordance with relevant provisions of international law, including applicable international humanitarian law, and in a manner consistent with the United Nations guiding principles of humanitarian emergency assistance (United Nations General Assembly resolution 46/182), including humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence, the provision of humanitarian assistance necessary to support Somalia,

Emphasising the need for adequate risk assessment and risk management strategies by the FGS and the United Nations, of climate change, other ecological changes, natural disasters and other factors on the stability of Somalia,

Determining that the situation in Somalia continues to constitute a threat to regional and international peace and security,

Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,

Adopted by the Security Council at its 9009th meeting, on 31 March 2022.